Which Franchises Have the Highest SBA Loan Default Rates?

We analyzed 89,000 SBA 7(a) loans across 5,700+ franchise systems. Here's what we found.

Last updated: March 2024 · Data: SBA 7(a) loan performance records, 2010–2024

Key Findings

7.2%
Average franchise SBA default rate
1.8%
Best category: Real Estate
9.4%
Highest risk: Food / QSR
1 in 8
Franchise loans default within 5 years

Highest SBA Default Rates

Franchise systems with the highest loan charge-off rates. Minimum 50 SBA 7(a) loans.

RankFranchiseDefault RateTotal Loans
1Quiznos28.9%412
2Sbarro24.1%89
3Curves19.3%1,243
4Cold Stone Creamery16.8%387
5Subway12.0%8,941
6Great Clips11.2%1,567
7Fantastic Sams10.3%298
8Marble Slab Creamery9.8%112
9Baskin-Robbins9.1%876
10Checkers/Rally's8.7%234

Lowest SBA Default Rates

Franchise systems with the strongest loan performance. These brands have the lowest charge-off rates in the SBA database.

RankFranchiseDefault RateTotal Loans
1RE/MAX0.9%2,341
2Keller Williams1.2%1,876
3Five Guys1.8%534
4Anytime Fitness2.0%2,109
5Orangetheory Fitness2.1%687
6Ace Hardware2.3%1,456
7Sport Clips2.8%892
8The Maids3.2%167
9Snap-on Tools3.4%543
10ServiceMaster3.7%1,098

Default Rates by Industry Category

Real Estate / Brokerage
1.8%
Fitness / Wellness
3.2%
Automotive Services
4.1%
Home Services
4.8%
Business Services
5.3%
Retail (Non-Food)
6.1%
Personal Services
6.9%
Lodging / Hotels
7.8%
Casual Dining
8.6%
Food / QSR
9.4%

Methodology

Data sourced from SBA 7(a) loan performance records, 2010–2024. Default is defined as a loan charge-off or SBA loss claim. Only franchise systems with a minimum of 50 loans are included to ensure statistical significance.

Franchise names are matched to SBA borrower records using a combination of exact name matching, NAICS code cross-referencing, and manual verification for the top 500 systems. The database covers 89,000 individual loan records across 5,700+ identified franchise brands.

Default rates reflect historical performance and should not be interpreted as predictions of future performance. Economic conditions, franchise system changes, and individual operator factors all influence outcomes.

What This Means for Franchise Buyers

SBA default rates are one of the most underused tools in franchise due diligence. While most prospective franchisees focus on the franchise fee, royalty rate, and Item 19 earnings claims, default rates tell you something those numbers can't: how often real operators, using real SBA financing, fail to repay their loans. A high default rate doesn't automatically mean a franchise is a bad investment — but it should trigger deeper investigation into why borrowers struggled.

Use default rates as a screening filter, not a verdict. A rate above 8% should prompt caution: cross-reference it with the franchise's Item 20 turnover data, look at litigation history in Item 3, and talk to current and former franchisees. A rate above 15% is a serious red flag — it means roughly 1 in 7 borrowers defaulted, and the franchise system likely has structural issues with unit economics, site selection, or operational support. Conversely, a low default rate (under 3%) is a strong signal that the franchise model works for operators who use conventional financing.

Remember: SBA lenders perform their own underwriting before approving loans. A high default rate means that even after bank-level due diligence, operators still failed. That's a signal worth taking seriously. Combine SBA data with Item 19 financial performance data and your own franchisee validation calls for the most complete picture of franchise risk.

State of Franchising 2024 Report →Franchise Failure Rate Guide →How to Interpret Default Rates →

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